Therefore, it requires no crossover with numerous passive components to operate as a tweeter in a two- or three-way speaker system. The inexpensive piezo crystal responds only to high frequencies, around 4 kHz and above, making this arrangement cost-effective ( Fig. The crystal deforms in variation with its input signal and audibly reproduces the input. When functioning as a high-frequency reproduction device (tweeter), however, the crystal is subjected to a voltage-the high-voltage audio signal coming from the receiver or amplifier. A piezo tweeter uses a piezoelectric crystal, which generates a small voltage when subjected to vibration or pressure. One example of this reverse deployment is the highly cost-effective and efficient piezo tweeter or horn found in inexpensive consumer-audio speaker systems in place of the somewhat more expensive magnetic-coil high-frequency driver with a paper cone. On its own, the piezo horn responds only to high frequencies, eliminating the need for a frequency-compensating crossover network. The piezo tweeter, a.k.a., horn, on the left provides a cost alternative for standard magnetic-coil speakers on the right. As a result, piezoelectric components find employment in sound production and detection apps, voltage and frequency generation, and a plethora of measurement systems.ġ. Applying a charge to the piezo material generates a mechanical response or a pulse. Interestingly, this effect is reversible ( Fig. The amount of charge generation is proportional to the amount of stress placed upon the piezo material. Essentially, the piezoelectric effect is merely the result of stressing a piezo element-crystal, ceramic, or biological matter-to generate a charge or voltage. Under pressure, vibration, or other forms of stress, piezoelectricity forms in certain materials, particularly crystals. Most piezo devices are piezoelectric or piezoresistive, and each has its appropriate applications. Piezo comes from the Greek word “piezein,” which means “squeeze” or “apply some pressure.” Whether they take form as a transducer or sensor, piezo components all operate as the result of some degree of physical pressure placed upon them.
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